Governor



Nov. 2o?, 1923. 1,474,615

qu E NI inve-mfom Nov. 20, 1923. 1,474,615

l M. G. BENJAMIN l GOVERNOR Fiied March 27, 1920 2y Sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR Patented Nov. 20, 1923.

yU t MERRILL G'. BENJAMIN, 0F POLAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE BENJAMIN ENGINEER- ING coMrANY, br CLEVELAND,

oHIo, A `CORPORATION or .01110.

GovEnNon.

` Application med March 2 7, 1920. serial No. 369,297.

T all wltomjt may concern.'

Be it known that I, 'MERRILL G. BENJA- MIN, a citizen of the United States, residing atl Poland, in the county of Mahoning and State of Ohio, have invented Aa, new and useful Improvement in, Governors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The present invention relates to governors,

and more particularly to a governing means for maintaining a machine at a uniform speed, but which uniform speed is adjusted. Such governto meet nertain conditions.

ing means is adapted for controlling `the speed of engines and turbines driving such machines as gas exhaustersfand boosters, turbo blowers, boiler feed pumps, forced and induced vdraft fa'ns for boiler furnaces,

or any other machine where it is desirableto control `the speed of the machine by som'ef function such as the pressure or volume ofv 1 the fluid handled by the machine, the steam pressure in the Iboiler or other condition.

The invention is illustrated as applied to the governor of a turbine or engine driving a forced draft fan, supplying Iair toa steam f yboiler furnace, and `in which the draft iS controlled by the pressure of the steam in the boiler. 1

In the specific embodiment ofthe invention herein illustrated, the governing device consists of a speed governor which is oper-- ated by the fan englne and which tends to maintain it at a substantially uniform speed.. A mastergdvernor, the speed-of which is controlled by the pressure of the steam in the boiler, cooperates with the speed, or auxiliary, governor so'as to adjust the speed at which such auxiliary governor maintains the fan engine.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, Figure 1 shows schematically the governing `means as applied 'to a' single boiler and Figure 2 shows. the governing means applied to a battery of boilers.

In the drawings, reference numeral -2 indicates a boiler. The boiler furnace 3 is supplied with air by a forced draft fan 4 driven by a fan enginef illustrated as a steam turbine supplied with steam from the boiler. 2.

The speed of the. turbine 5 -is regulated in accordance with the steam pressure in the boilerl 2 by the governing means now to be described. TheY regulator 10 is connected by a pipe-11 to the boiler header 12. The

regulator 10 is preferably one which has a graduated step by step movement, the arm 13 assuming a number of intermediate positions in accordance with the variations in thesteam pressure. These regulators are old and well known inthe art. of such regulators in the patent *literature are 'the Spencer Patents No. 338,686 of March 28,1886, and No. 479,854' of August 2, 1892. on the market such as the Spencer regulator, the Mason regulator, etc., so that the construction of the regulatorv indicated in the drawing need not be described in -detail as it is a .structure wel? understood by those. skilled in'this art.

A number of such regulatorsare.

Examples l Connected' to the movable arm 13 of the A regulator is the movable contact point 14 `of a rheostat 15. The rheostat 15 is placed in the. field 16 of a motor-517. The armature of the motor 17 is connected directlyv across constant voltage feeder mains 18. T he field 16 with its adjustable rheostat 15 is also connected across 4the feeder mains. The,

" rheostat is connected with the regulator 10 so that when the` steam pressure in the boiler rheostat and the speedof the motor 17 is decreased. If the pressure in the boiler decreases, the regulator operates through the rheostat to -increase the speed of the mo# bor 17. l

isthe governor 20 which will be designated as the master governor.v This governor is indicated diagrammatically as the usual ball and spring governor having the weights'orballs 21 and the restraining spring 22. The `balls 21 are carried on links 23 vwhich` are attached to a fixed point 24 on the Mounted to be driven by the motor 17 increases the resistance is cutout `on the shaft 25. The other ends of the links are attached to a. lsleeve 26, which slides on the valve 35 which controls the flow of steam to the turbine.. The'valve 35 is preferably a balanced valve and, as shown in the drawings, is opened to admit more steam when the valve rod 36 is moved to the left. The valve rod 36 is connectedY to the upper end of a lever 37, the lower end of which is connected to the sleeve 32 so as to be moved back and' forth b-y the travel of the sleeve 32 along the shaft 30. The lever 37 has a floating fulcrunn 40 where it is connected to la link 41 which is connected at 42 to the middle of a lever 43. ,The lever 43'has a` fixed fulcrum 44 and is connectedfgat `its other end with thesleeve 26 of the*` master governor.

The operation of the mechanism is as follows :'l`he auxiliary Governor 31 `maintains the/turbine 5 and fbrcedfdraft fan 4 at a constant speed so long as Vthe floating fulc-rum '40 is notk shifted in position.

When, however, there is an increase in the steam' pressure in the boiler, the regulator 10 operates through the motor 17 to decrease the speed ofv the master governor 20,

' thereby causing the sleeve 26 to move to the right, moving the floating fulcrum also'to the, right. This will adjust the speed at which the auxiliary governor 31 maintains the turbine 5, decreasing such speed. The auxiliary governor 31 will then maintain the speed of the turbine 5 uniform or conetant at such reduced speed. Conversely, if the steam pressure in the boiler decreases, the :master governor 20 will'shift the floating fulcrum 40 so that the auxiliary governor rheostatic control.

driven by an electricv motor, as shown in the 31 will maintain the turbine 5 and fan 4 at a constant but increased speed so as to increase the rate of combustion and bring the steam pressure up to normlal.

The linkage mechanism is shown onlyl diagrammatically and m'ay be constructed in various ways, or may be modified from that indicated in the drawings. For example, instead of a balanced steam valve 35, the linkage may operate a ilot valve of a relay governor. The variab e speed motor may 'bev operated by means other than 'the The master governor illustrated embodiment, might be replaced with somel other device acting in conjunction with the speed governorto adjust in u accordance with some functionA of the boiler,

The connection` between the speed maintained by the speed governor. `While the particular function of the boiler, which controls the master governor, is decribed as the steam pressure, other functions, such as the steam How, may be elnployed for this purpose.

In thegdrawing, for the sake of simplicity, the control'is shown as applied tol a single auxiliary, namely the forced draft fan, of a single boiler. The invention may, however, be otherwise applied, for example, in controlling other auxiliaries, and for a battery of boilers, as shown in Fig. 2. It may be employed in the system shown in the copending application of Hess and Ben- 80 jamin, Seria-l No. 292.954, filed April 26, 1919, when it is desired to drive an)v of the auxiliaries by steam instead of by electricity. For example, the forced draft fans of the Hess and Benjamin system, may each be driven by a steam engine, in which case each steam engine would be provided with .a speed and a master governor, with the master governor driven by `an electric motor, the speed of whichwould be controlled by the variable. speed motor-generator set of the Hess'and Benjamin system. Many other modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

l claim:

l1. The combination with a steam boiler, of an auxiliary machine, a steam engine fori driving the auxiliary machine, a. governor tending to maintain the engine speed subi stantially uniform, and electric means controlled in accordance with a function ofthe boiler for increasing or decreasing the speed at which the governor maintains the steam engine, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a steam boiler@ of an auxiliary machine and means for driving'- it, a governor tending to maintain the speed of the auxiliary machine substantially uniform, an electric motor andmeans for controlling the speed of the motor in accordance withaj function of the boiler, ya master governor driven by the motor, and connections betweenytlie master governor and first governor whereby the substantially uniform speed of the auxiliary machine is adjusted to some other substantially uniform speed in accordance with the function of the boiler. substantially as described.

3. The combination with a steam boiler, of an auxiliary machine and its driving means, a centrifugal governor tending to maintain the speed of the auxiliary machine substantially uniform, a centrifugal master governor Jcontrolled in accordance with a functionof the boiler, and connections between the two governors whereby the substantially uniform speed of the auxiliary machine is adjusted to some other substantially uniform speedlin accordance with a 13"' scribed.

function.. of the boiler, substantiallyl as de'- 4. The combination with a steam boiler,

of an auxiliary machine, a steam engine for driving the auxiliary machine, a governor for mamtamlng the speed of the steam engine substantially uniform, and an -electridriving the auxiliary machine, a governor for maintaining the speed of thesteam engine substantially uniform, means for manually adjustino' the ,speedmaintaincd by the governor, an electric means for automa-tically adjusting the substantially uniform speedmaintained by the governor to some other uniform speed in accordance with a .function of the boiler, vsubstantially as described.

6. The combination with a steam boiler and its furnace, o f a draft fan, a steam engine for drivin the fan, a governor for the steam engine or maintaining it at a substantially ,uniform speed, and electric means controlled by the steam pressure or. demand for adjusting tle substantially uniform speed at .which the governor maintains the steam engine to some other substantially uniform speed, substantially as described.

7. The combination -with a steam boiler,

of an auxiliary machine, means for driving the auxiliary machine, a governor for maintaining .the speed of the auxiliary machine substantially uniform irrespective of the load, a lpower driven master governor controlled in accordance with a function of the boiler and having connections with the first governor for adj ustin the substantially uniform `speed at which 1t maintains the auxiliary machineto some other substantially uniform speed in accordance with the lfunc.- tion of the boiler, substantiallyaas described. 8. The combination with a battery of boilers, of auxiliary machines for the individual boilers, steam engines for driving the auxiliary machines, steam engine governors for maintaining the speeds of each of the auxiliary machines substantially uniform,

and means controlled by a` function of theentire battery for adjusting the speeds of the individual machines in accordance with such function of the battery, substantially as described.

9. The combination with a battery of.

boilers, of auxiliary machines for the individual boilers, steam engines for driving the auxiliary machines, steam engine governors for maintaining the speeds of each of the auxiliary machines substantially uniform,

and electric neans controlled in accordance with a function of the entire battery for adjusting the speeds of the auxiliary machines in' accordance with such function, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand. v

' MERRILL G. BENJAMIN. 

